Nepal Country With Jovial Festivals

The history of Nepal has been influenced by its position in the Himalaya and its two neighbours, modern day India and Tibet. It is a multiethnic, multiracial, multicultural, multi religious, and multilingual country. The most spoken language of Nepal is Nepali (नेपाली) followed by other various national languages.

In Nepal there live more than 125 nationalities. They have their own religion, culture and celebrate different festivals and evern following different religions and festivals. The people from various religions, ethnic groups and identities live here with harmony. The various cultures, traditions, rites, and rituals are our heritage. All the religions are equal.

DASHAIN

      Introduction

Among the different festivals Dashain is celebrated by Hindus of Nepal or Nepalese origin all over the World. Dashain, also known as Bada Dashain or Vijaya Dashami is the largest and longest festival in Nepal.The Dashain festival lasts for full fifteen days, starting in the day of Ghatasthapana (1^st day), and ends in the day of Kojagrat Purnima (15^th day). The important ones being the first (Ghatasthapana), seventh (Saptami), eighth (Maha Ashtami), ninth (maha nawami), tenth (Vijaya Dashami) and the fifteenth (Kojagrat Purnima), the tenth day is the most important among all, having the special value and actual meaning for the word ‘Dashain’.

      Historical Background

This festival is for the celebration of the victory of the Gods over the wicked Demons. The scriptures mention the example of lord Ram winning over Ravan and killing him, and Goddess Durga winning over the demon Mahisasur.

Whatever the stories be, they symbolize the win of good over evil, and give the moral pressure for the people to be good, and that they will be destroyed in the same way as the demons, when they do or try to do the evil deeds. The first nine days of Dashain signify the rigorous battle between the avatars of Goddess Durga, and the Demons, the main of whom was the Mahisasur. The tenth day signify his destruction by killing, and the rest five days are for the celebration of that achievement. 

v  1^st Day ( Ghatasthapana )

Ghatasthapana is the first day of Bada Dashain.  In this day, a male family member plant the jamara in moist sand using barley seeds especially corn seeds.

Traditionally as per the rituals outsiders are not allowed to enter or see the place where it is planted. By the tenth day of the festival, the seed will have grown to yellow grass, which is used with tika to bless people with lots of prosperity and happiness.

v  7^th Day ( Fulpati )

The special essence of festival gets from this day. On this auspicious day, a military parade is organized at Hanuman Dhoka.

The Nepal Army, Nepal Police, Civil Service, Band Music and Panchebaja also join the fulpati parade. People clean their houses and decorate their houses with flowers.

v  8th Day ( Maha Ashtami )

The festive will be continued as Maha Ashtami. Thousands of goats, sheep, buffaloes, ducks and hens are sacrificed in Goddess Temple almost from every home.

v  9th Day ( Maha Nawami )

   The ninth day of the festival is known as Maha Nawami. Once in a year this day, the Taleju Temple gates of basantapur are opened for the general public.

Thousands of devotees go and pay respect to the goddess all along the day.

v  10^th Day ( Tika / Vijaya Dashami)

The tenth day of festival is known as Vijaya Dashami or “Tika”. On this auspisous day, tika and jamara (which is sewn in the ghatasthapana) are taken from elders and blessing is received including “Dakshin” (Money). 

This function continues for four days till the full moon during that period, family and relatives who are apart attend to meet each other and take blessings from the elders.

This is the day that helps to keep special bonding between families and relatives (Even Vijaya Dashami is the great time for family reunion) so it is celebrated intellectually in the society.

v  15^th Day (Kojagrata Purnima)

Kojagrata Purnima, the full moon day, masks the ending of Dashain Festival. Literally, Kojagrata means "who is awake". 

On this day, Laxmi, the goddess of wealth and luck, will come to earth and bless the people who didn't sleep all night. Therefore, it has become an excuse for Nepalese people to gamble overnight ;) .

      Celebrations in Dashain Festival

Tourists can experience Nepal religious culture and traditional customs by attending the various kinds of celebrations, like Dashain flying kites, Dashain cards, etc.

Vijaya Dashami is a day for celebration, a day for the victory of good over evil, This is a day when the world see Vijaya Dashami is a day of the example of the power of good. Let us continue the same true spirit forever and ever. Blessing of Dashain to all!! Stay happy stay blessed. May goddess Durga give enough strength to cope up with each and every difficulty times of ours.

Happy Vijaya Dashami (Dashain) to ALL !!

~PSA Family

Setting up a Business in Nepal

Registering a business in Nepal can be quite confusing and a lengthy process. There are a number of options available for those who wish to start a business in Nepal. With the large number of entrepreneurs growing in the country, it is important to have complete knowledge of the process.

 

1.      Sole Proprietorship/Private Firm

There are different types of business firms. One of those is sole proprietorship or private firms; it is a business which is owned by only one person. Private firms are unincorporated business, where only the owner has sole authority over the business. These types of firms are easy to create and run. Also, these firms are not expensive as compared to other types of firms. If you want to start this type of firm, you will not need to file a separate tax return. The owner can report all the profits and losses on their own personal return.The Merits and Demerits of this type of firm are:

S.N	Merits	Demerits
1	Easy to start and Dissolve	Sole proprietorship has limited capital
2	Motivation to Work	Sole proprietor only uses his ideas and innovation capacity. So there is limited managerial ability
3	Quick Decision
4	Independent Control	Sole proprietor must work more to earn more profit .higher profit generation is important. So, there is dull and monotonous wok
5	Business Secrets
6	Personal Contact	Death of sole proprietor causes death of sole proprietorship
7	Flexibility	There is no specialization in decision taking. So there can be chances of taking wrong decisions
8	Economy
9	Social Utility	There is low investment resulting in limited areas of operation

If the owner has someone else to support the business with finance, the business will no more be called a sole firm and it will automatically change into a partnership firm. Running a business as such is beneficial, if the owner runs a small business that does not require large capital.

Registration of Private Firm

Obtain necessary approvals from the relevant ministries/departments/bodies for permit/license to conduct business before getting it registered. There are some procedures that need to be followed for the registration of a private business firm in Nepal. The sole proprietorship or a private firm, according to relevant provision of the Private Firm Registration Act, 2014, requires the owner to register the business institute in either in:

Department of Cottage & Small Industries	Department of Commerce	Department of Industry
(घरेलु तथा साना उद्योग बिभाग)	(वाणिज्य विभाग)	(उद्योग विभाग)
http://dcsi.gov.np/	http://doc.gov.np/	http://doind.gov.np/
Ministry Of Industry	Ministry of Commerce	Ministry Of Industry
In case of Cottage and Small (Rural) Industry	In case if related to Commerce	In case for any other kind of Industries

The person who wishes to start a firm must register the firm by submitting an application along with the required documents to the related Department in the prescribed legal format provided by the department and the official fees.   

2.      Company (Private/Public Company)

Registering your company is what will finally give your startup a legal existence. Before registering it can be a sole proprietorship or a partnership but once you take the decision to register, your company takes a life of its own and can be closed only by legal intervention. Registering a Company is a long and tedious procedure though, which will be quite heavy on both your pocket and on your time, if you want to do it all yourself. But none the less becoming an owner of a registered company brings its own advantages and very less disadvantages to you.

Before registering a company you have to decide what kind of company is suitable for your business needs, and shall obtain necessary approvals from the relevant ministries/departments/bodies for permit/license to conduct business before getting it registered at:

Office of the Company Registrar

(कम्पनी रजिष्ट्रारको कार्यालय)

www.ocr.gov.np

Ministry of Industry

In case of Registration of Company (Pvt.Ltd./Ltd/NGO(NPO)

There are many types of companies, the most popular of which are Private (pvt. ltd.), Public (ltd.) and Not-for Profit.

A private limited company is a business entity that is held by private owners. This type of entity limits the owner’s liability to their ownership stake, and restricts shareholders from publicly trading shares.

 A public company is a company that has permission to issue registered securities to the general public through an initial public offering (IPO) and it is traded on at least one stock exchange market. A public company is not authorized to begin its business operations just upon the grant of the certificate of incorporation. In order to be eligible to run as a public company, it should obtain another document called a trading certificate. 

3. Setting up Business in Nepal (Sum Up)

Step 1: Obtain approvals

Obtain necessary approvals from the relevant ministries/departments/bodies for permit/license to conduct business.

Some of the relevant departments are:

Departmentof Industry

Departmentof Electricity Development

NepalRastra Bank

Departmentof Agriculture

Departmentof Roads

Step 2: Register a Firm / Company

Investors will need to register an appropriate form of firm / company in the Department of Cottage and Small Industries (DCSI) or, Department of Commerce (DOC) or, Department of Industry or Office of the Company Registrar.

Please refer to the following site for details on the registration process:

http://dcsi.gov.np/

http://doc.gov.np/

http://doind.gov.np/

www.ocr.gov.np

Step 3: Register with the tax office

Following Firm / Company registration, investors will need to obtain PAN and VAT, if applicable, registration numbers from the Inland Revenue department

Details for registration can be obtained from the following:

https://ird.gov.np/   

Step 4: Open a bank account

Foreign investors will need to open a foreign currency account at Nepal Rastra Bank, the central bank of Nepal, for more http://www.investmentboard.gov.np/

Domestic Investors can open Bank Accounts with any banks with in the country as per their preferences.